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Flora

YACHMENEVOLOSNETS (HORDELIMUS) EUROPEAN

Type: VASCULAR PLANTS (PLANTAE VASCULARES)
Department: POKRYTOSEMENNYE (FLORAL) (ANGIOSPERMAE (MAGNOLIOPHYTA))
Class: MONOCOTYLEDONOUS (LILIOPSIDY) (MONOCOTYLEDONES (LILIOPSIDA))
Order: MYaTLIKOTsVETNYE (POALES)
Family: MYaTLIKOVYE (CEREALS) (POACEAE (GRAMINEAE))

Look: HORDELYMUS EUROPAEUS (L.) HARZ
         YACHMENEVALASNETS (HARDEL_MUS) E÷RAPEYSK_

Category of protection: 1



International importance:
It is included in the Red List of Belarus of the 1st and 2nd editions (1981, 1993). The protected plant of Lithuania, Latvia and Russia.

Description:
The perennial grassy plant with the shortened rhizome, without creeping underground escapes, forms small dernovina. A stalk 60-120 cm high with the trimmed knots. Leaves are flat, 6-11 mm wide, naked; vaginas of the lower leaves hairy; the uvula is very short, stupidly chopped off. An inflorescence - a dense ear, 0,5-1,3 cm long, direct, narrowed to a top, with the awn which is not breaking up on chlenik. Cones are single-flowered, are located groups on 3 on very short legs, the average cone of each group is underdeveloped. Of scales linearly - awl-shaped, with one not clear vein, are gradually narrowed by Koloskovye in an awn together with which they are 20-25 mm of length; lower floral scales lantsetny, ostrosherokhovaty, with a little twisting rough awn of 20-30 mm of length. A fruit - a zernovka.

Rasprostraniyeniye:
Scandinavia, Atlantic, Average and East (Lithuania, Latvia, Russia, Ukraine, Moldova, Belarus) Europe, Mediterranean, Caucasus, Asia Minor. Relic, by origin the preborealny Central European mountain look, in the republic is found only in Bialowieza Forest. This isolated location is behind eastern frontier of an area and is considerably removed from the main area of distribution.

Habitats:
Old-age grabnyak, klenovnik, oak groves of snytevy and kislichny types, yasennik of snytevy type on brown forest opodzolenny soils.

Biology:
Blossoms in July - August. Fructifies in August. Entomofil. Anemokhor. Breeds seeds.

Number and tendency of its change:
The area of the existing populations from 120-150 sq.m to 1000 sq.m.

Major factors of threat:
The cabin of the wood, the loudspeaker of fitotsenoz as natural, and as a result of an anthropogenous contamination. Now the level of viability of populations of this look in the Belovezhyosky dense forest is perniciously affected by the raised press of wild animals, for this reason two earlier known populations disappeared.

Protection measures:
Grows in the territory of National park "Bialowieza Forest". It is grown up in the Central botanical garden NAN of Belarus. In places of growth of a look it is necessary to regulate the number of hoofed animals; to keep a density of a wood and shrubby tier at the level of 40-50% by its thinning; it is necessary to control a condition of the known populations and to carry out search of new; it is expedient to keep a look gene pool in the conditions of culture.

Originators: Blazhevich R. Yu.