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Fauna

Small fry (rutilus rutilus)

The Belarusian name - a plotka, a plotka zvychayny; local - a plotka, a plotitsa, on Dnieper and Sozh - a voblitsa, occasionally an olkhovka. Treats the richest by number of types to Karpov' (Cyprinidae) family.

In reservoirs of Belarus the small fry inhabits all rivers, inundated reservoirs, reservoirs and lakes, often comes into ponds when filling with their water from water sources. The general coloring of a body silvery with a dark-brown or dark green back. Back and tail fins dark gray, chest pale yellow, belly and anal, as a rule, red. Easily differ from other Karpov of fishes on orange coloring of a raduzhina of an eye with a red spot on top. With age coloring brightness increases a little, is especially bright during spawning. It must be kept in mind that coloring of small fry is very changeable depending on dwelling conditions therefore it is possible to meet copies from bright to dim shades at which red tone are hardly shown.

In the early spring, at once after opening of reservoirs, the small fry leaves places of winter parking, there are to coast, to the filled-in floodplain, in staritsa and inundated lakes where strenuously eats up to the spawning period. After spawning of pack disperse on all reservoir, enter gulfs, backwaters where not really strong current, warm water and there are forages much. Adhere to suburbs of grassy thickets and big glades between them more often. In lakes the small small fry keeps at coast, at cane thickets, larger prefers open deep places.

In relation to dwelling conditions the small fry is quite unpretentious, well feels where other fishes cannot live. Becomes Polovozrela at the end of the third and part on the fourth year of life, at achievement of length of a body not less than 8 cm. Spawning in reservoirs of Belarus begins early enough. In 7-10 days prior to spawning the body of males becomes covered by numerous whitish epitelialny hillocks why becomes rough. After spawning this marriage dress vanishes. Ikrometaniye single, begins usually in the second half of April at water temperature above 8 °C, and at 10 °C there is a mass spawning.

The maximum sizes of small fry do not exceed 45 cm of length and 2 kg of weight. In Belarus occasionally caught copies to 700 g which age happens 13-15 years. In usual ulova individuals 15-18 cm long, weighing 100-150 g prevail. On food the small fry is very plastic, almost omnivorous look. Poyotreblyaet of various Crustacea, larvae of insects, worms, occasionally seaweed, willingly eats various forages of a phytogenesis: artificial compound feeds, bread, dough, boiled potatoes, various porridges, peas, etc.

Owing to low growth rate the small fry is among invaluable types, and only big number does her by the main food fish of our reservoirs. According to trade statistics, a small fry ulova in Belarus annually make from 4 to 10 thousand c, or from 20 to 40% of the general catch of fish from natural reservoirs. Besides, a large number of small fry is considered in meloch group, caught by amateur fishers and poachers.

At the organization of rational highly productive fishery the small fry in all reservoirs has to be among undesirable types, be replaced with more valuable, possessing faster growth rate and the best productional properties.

Catching of small fry attracts many fans. Especially it is good for the beginning fisher to whom it gives many useful lessons. The main way of catching of small fry - a float rod which catch both in standing, and on not swift-flowing waters.


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