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Flora

GRIFOLA MNOGOSHLYAPOCHNAYA, ILI GRIFOLA CURLY, ILI GRIB-BARAN

Kingdom: MUSHROOMS (FUNGI)
Department: BAZIDIOMIKOTA (BASIDIOMYCOTA)
Class: BAZIDIOMITsETY (BASIDIOMYCETES)
Order: PORIALNYE (PORIALES)
Family: KORIOLOVYE (CORIOLACEAE)

Look: GRIFOLA FRONDOSA (DICKS.: FR.) S. F. GRAY. (POLYPORUS FRONDOSUS DICKS.: FR.)
         GRYFALA MNAGASHAPKAVAYA, ABO GRYFALA KUCHARAVY, ABO GRYB-BARAN

Category of protection: 3

International importance:
It is included in the Red List of Belarus of the 2nd edition (1993). It is protected in Ukraine, Lithuania and Poland.

Description:
Fruit bodies one-year, large, with a diameter of 10-40 cm, weighing up to 10 kg. The spherical fruit body consists from central hemp with repeatedly branching legs departing from it which come to an end with flat yazykovidny hats 4-8 cm wide. A hat surface radial and wrinkled, rough, nut, sometimes okhryano-brown, towards a leg always lighter. The smell is pleasant, remaining when drying. A surface of a tubular gimenofor nizbegayushchy, white, when drying cream. Time roundish or slightly angular. Hyphas are wide, with buckles. Basidiums are club-shaped. The basis has shirokoellipsoidalny disputes, slantwise delayed, thick-walled, smooth, hyaline, 5-7 3,5-4,5 microns in size, with granular contents.

Rasprostraniyeniye:
Europe, Caucasus, East Asia, North America, Australia. In Belarus it is found in Brest (The Brest and Pruzhansky districts), Gomel (Zhitkovichsky district) and Minsk (Borisovsky, Stolbtsovsky and Chervensky districts; Minsk; Nesvizhsky palace and park ensemble) Region.

Habitats:
Broad-leaved and coniferous and broad-leaved woods. Grows at the basis of old deciduous trees, especially an oak, a hornbeam, an elm, a maple, it is extremely rare - pines.

Biology:
Causes white serdtsevinny decay, infection occurs by means of the mycelium extending in the soil from one tree to another. Fruit bodies settle down quite often at some distance from a trunk to which roots they are connected by a mycelium, appear in July - September. The mushroom in 10 days can have 1 m a diameter and weigh to 20 kg. Decorative medicinal little-known edible (at young age) a mushroom.

Number and tendency of its change:
In all locations the number of a look is small and subject to year fluctuations. Single copies meet.

Major factors of threat:
Collecting fruit bodies, low number and density of populations, all views of cabins of the wood, economic transformation of lands.

Protection measures:
Grows in territories of national parks "Bialowieza Forest" and "Pripyat". Creation in the places of growth of a look which are not captured by security actions, specialized mycologic wildlife areas, periodic control of a condition of the known populations and search of new places of growth, the prevention of anthropogenous influences in places of growth is necessary.
 

Originators: Kordiyako N. G.