On "kresa uskhodn_kh"

Kobrin → Outstanding persons → Alexey Mikhaylovich Martynov

Pershy susvetny. vayna і vykl_kany yoyu Mas lyudzy z'yav_lasya adny z the major the factor ў, vyznachy¸shy galo¸nyya napramk_ ў dukho¸nay spheres of a karennag of a naseln_tstv of Kobrynshchyna ў peryyad ulada of a belapalyak ў was not happened m_gratsyya vel_zarny. Tysyacha of ours zyamlyako ў byl_ mab_l_zavana ў arm_yu і prymal_ hell _nshazemny a _nterventa ў, kontrrevalyutsy_ ¸dzet at bayavy dzeyanyayakh, at revalyutsyyny padzeyakh, pabyval_ on dandies gramadzyanskay vayna, abaranyal_ a malady dzyarzhava. Dzesyatk_ thousands vyaskovy lyudzy different an uzrosta ў, for yak_kh at normal umova a trip ў the city stanav_lasya memorable padzeyay, at zhn і ў n_ 1915 byl_ are broken z the family myasts_n і pases neabsyazhny open spaces, on asab_sty vopyets of a paznayucha sens davol_ a tumannaga yes of a getag to hour of the word "Ras_ya" are dispelled.

Znayomstva z to inshy frets zhyzzya, ustoyam_ і paradka of a prymushal of a krytychn atsenvats to an ulasnaa zhyzzyo ў pak_nuty native myasts_na. Not magl_ praysts_ a byassledna for a kozhnag g_gantsk_ya revalyutsyynyya patrasenn і, the gushcha yak_kh apynul_sya і had refugees kal_ not to ¸dzeln_ka і, svedkam_.

Karatsy kazhucha, z dalyok_kh padarozhzha ў vyarnul_sya not tyya zab_tyya paleshuk і that pakalennyam_ pryvykl_ gnuts to a sp_n perad hats, and lyudz і, yak_ya ¸svyadom_l_ pile chalavechy godnasts. At daleyshy the gety abstav_na played rashuchy rolyu ў stykh_yny adpor mas_ravanay denatsyyanal_zayets.

Adnos_na polsk_kh ulad yes the Belarusian ў, yak_ya vyarnul_sya z Races іі — patentsyyalny a nosb_ta ў "chyrvonay infections" — byl_ nastsyarozhany і, nedaverl_vym_. Speshna pryvezenyya z polsk_kh vayavodstvo ў nato¸pa of a chyno¸n_k ў l_chyl_ to a syaba nosb_tam_ "vysheyshay cultures" і adnos_l_sya yes myastsovy "kresav_ko ў" vysakamerna. It is small tago, at pershyya reptiles syarod pradsta¸n_ko ў adm_n_stratsy_ was Polish shmat tak_kh, hto l_cha ў to a syaba to a ledzva not akhvyaray, a nespravyadl_va zak_nutay "at such hole, yaky hell to light doshkam_ a zab_ta". Adnak, already ў hutk_m bolshasts a chyno¸n_ka ў perastat hour sumavad a pas to cultural calling, and the tryvala zamatso¸valasya on pryvoll_ "damned a kresa ў" і tried peratsyagnuts syuda of a rodz_ch ў і syabro ў...

Pryyazdzhal_ syuda it is far not lepshyya ў moral to a sensa lyudz_. The I gety tlumachytsets of a habarn_tstv, usemagchymyya requisitions, і kantrybuyets і, yak_m_ chyno¸n_k і, і ў asabl_vasts_ aktsyznaga of department, abkladal_ gandlyaro ў, yak_ya to tsalka zalezhal_ hell _kh. At sapra¸dny ep_dem_yu peratvaryl_sya wastes і embezzlements of public funds. Newspapers byl_ perapo¸nena spravazdacham_ ab ship pratsesa over chyno¸n_kam_ (v_navatyya chastsy for ¸syo vykhodz_l_ sukh_m_ z cotton wool).

Galo¸nay aporay served a rezhym shmatl_ky і vysokaaplochvayemy pal_tsyya, secret і "mundurovy". Adchuvayucha to a syaba a po¸ny gaspadar of a stanov_shch, pal_tsyya faded to a syaba z to vykl_ka, the bespakarana allowed arbitrariness. Pratsv_tala of a s_stem pravakatsy і bribery ў, a shyrokaa to the raspa¸syudzhvayena atrymat a grid of a kanfedent ў — an asvedamlyaln_ka ў. Pa¸syadzyonnay z'yavay byl_ n_chy not apra¸danyya katavann і, pabo_. For revalyutsyynyya vystuplenn_ ў adnos_na yes syalyan praktykavalasya so invited pats_f_katsyya — the usm_reena. Yana supravadzhalasya vyb_vanny at zapadozrany at pal_tychnay nenadzeynasts_ lyudzy vokan і dzvyarey, zryvanny salamyany strekh z the lady ў, razburenny a pecha ў, selskagaspadarchy cars of "Pats_f_katara" magl_ zmyashats grain different a gatunka ў, abl_ts Gaza of fat ў kvaska і of. At adkaz on vetl_va zvarot a myastsovaga of a zhykhar "the sir pal_ts'yanets" a nyaredka it was possible chuts at adkaz: "Yak_ I to a taba pal_tsyyant? I am an ulada!"

On the chal of a ¸rad znakhodz_lasya avanturystychny kl_ka of a p_lsudchyk ў, yak_ya stav_l_ perad Saba fantastychny to Mat Stvarennya vyal_kadzyarzha¸nay Polshchy "hell of a pestilence і yes pestilence". The I geta ў that hour, kal_ the pravodz_my ekanam_chny pal_tyka not a vyvodz_la nya¸met a kra_na z a kryz_sa ў, not spynyalasya to a bespratso¸a і to a po¸naa an enslavement zakhodn_m to kap_tala.

Unutrany pal_tyka shmatnatsyyanalnay dzyarzhava, at a yaky palyak_ skladal_ hell 55 yes 65 pratsent ў (af_tsyynyya statystychnyya danyya vyznachayutsets krayn_m a disparate at zalezhnasts_ hell kryn_ts і to a pagetam of an asabl_vag to Dover not vykl_kayuts), at adnos_na of a naseln_tstv of a kres ў vyznachalasya zayzdrosnay paslyado¸nastsyu — tendentsyyay yes a hutcheyshaga apalyachvannya the Belarusian ў і ¸kra_nets ў.

Natsyyanalnaye to the pytayena so tsesna peraplyatalasya z rel_g_yny that perakhod z pravasla¸ya ў katal_tsyzm ў ra¸naznachna to an a¸tamatychnam zal_chennyu yes panuyuchay Polish natsyyanalnasts_. Naybolsh magutny lever palan_zatsy_ z'ya¸lyal_sya school z vyklyuchna Polish mova і katal_tsky tsarkva of a nadzeyn zvyazany z k_ruyuchym_ kolam_.

At Kobryne payav_l_sya manashk_-urshulyank і, yak_ya zaymal_sya vykhavanny dzya¸chynak at ultrarel_g_yny to a napramk. At a pile to a charg katal_tsk_ya manakh_ argan_zaval_ prytulak for a hlopchyk ¸-s_rot a syalyanskaga pakhodzhannya, yak_ya a besperashkodna padvyargal_sya apratso¸ets і a hutka apalyachval_sya. Ty Mat was і ў zmeshany shlyuba: the husband ts_ a zhonka Belarusians of an abavyazkov of a pav_nna byl_ perakhodz_ts at a katal_tstv, _naksh shlyub l_chy¸sya illegal. To Nekatol_k of a nelg was і dumats a pra dzyarzha¸ny service.

For a ps_khalag_chnag ¸zdzeyannya on Masa ksyandza argan_zo¸val_ on vul_ets are magnificent hresna the course. At pravasla¸ny tsarkva propavedz_ pav_nna byl_ prakhodz_ts "on dz_yarzha¸nay to mova", z. on the Polish. Yes apalyachvannya paleshuko ў prytsyagval_sya і gandlyaryya¸re і, yak_ya abavyazana byl_ razma¸lyats z pakupn_kam_ a vklyuchna in the Polish mova. Navat mog_lk_ byl_ padklyuchana yes of a sprava palan_zatsy_: pra razgarodzhvann_ to shtykhetn_ka katal_tskay і pravasla¸nay chastak — that early n_kol_ not rab_lasya — dayshlo yes tago that there, a dza there was a parushana pramy "demarkatsyyny l_n_ya", to ksyandza of a spetsyyaln vygarodzhval_sya "pile" vystupayuchyya mag_la...

At the zaklyucheena to the story ab strachany dvazzats_goddz_ the neabkhodna hots is short raskazats ab to a baratsba shyrok_kh national Mas Cobrinshchina for svayo to an ekanam_chnaa і, a satsyyalnaa to the vyzvaleena. Pad uzdzeyanny _dey Vyal_kaga Kastrychn_ka ¸zho ў 1918 to a godza on Kobrshchyna ў argan_zavana would tickle ¸zbroyena partyzansk_ atrad, yak_ defeat і ў mayontak Shemet's pameshchyka і zab і ў Iago Gaspadara.

Padze_ 1920, kal_ paslya vyzvalennya hell belapolskay akupatsy_ ў Kobryne of a dzeyn_ch ў vayenna-revalyutsyyna kam_tet - tickle body of a national ulada, uvekavechana memaryyalnay doshchkay on a budynka muzychnay schools. Yashche ў to 1921 godza and an af_tsyyalnaga ¸zn_knennya KPZB, at vyoska of Palyats_chy і Batcha z'yav_l_sya pershyya padpolnyya argan_zatsy_ zmagaro ў for freedom. And Pershamay of 1925 ў aznamenavana argan_zavany vystupleny pratso¸ny demanstratsyyay revalyutsyynay moladz_ ў Kobryn's tsentra.

Praz of the 6th reptile ў, at 1927 to a godza, on violent pal_tychny to a pratsesa ў kobrynsk_m to a sudza on a lava jurisdictional apynul_sya 36 k_ra¸n_ko ў KTsZB. prygavorany yes pratsyagly term_na ў turemnaga znyavolennya. Adnak already ў to a godza of a k_ra¸n_tstv partyynay argan_zatsyyay was nastupny to tsalka of an adno¸len. It is far for boundaries of Polshchy it was carried an echo of Navasyolka¸skaga pa¸stannya 1933;
Nyagledzyacha on surovyya measures ¸lad, an argan_zazanaa suprats і ў to Lena a naseln_tstba suprats merapryemstvo ў a belapalyaka ў not spynyalasya even yes 1939.

A. Martyna ў



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