Underground and guerrilla movement

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From the first days of occupation the population of Kobrin district was stirred to action which should be long and resolute. At the beginning of August, 1941 in Turnaya the underground anti-fascist committee was created. Dmitry Borisyuk was elected its chairman. Among the major tasks facing anti-fascists there was a task to establish relation with the city. Existence in Kobrin of an anti-fascist underground was confirmed by several sabotages and diversions which are not opened by the occupational authorities.

Actively the group of wives of the military personnel, dead at defense of the Brest fortress acted in Kobrin also. Fight of underground workers in the years of occupation was a component of the large-scale guerrilla movement which began with small separate groups. These groups were replenished with residents of neighboring villages and fighters of Red Army who because of wounds remained in the territory of the area.

Fall of 1941 - spring of 1942 are time of accumulation of forces of guerrillas, collecting the weapon, work among the population, distribution of leaflets. Wide scope of the guerrilla movement was promoted also by the fact that the area abounds with forests. So, from North side the Dakhlovsky wood in which from the very beginning of war the group of Chapayev which grew in crew of the same name as a part of 4 guerrilla groups was based is located: of Orlov, Malenkov, Postovalov and Chapayev. This group was the main striking power of the guerrilla movement around Kobrin.

From East side there are Grushevsky and Detkovichsky the woods which were occupied by guerrilla group of Kirov. In these woods also road groups of other guerrilla connections stopped. Here began the activity and guerrilla group of Shish.

From the southwest party the Old rural and Chernyansky woods where the guerrilla group of Chernak called in honor of the organizer and the commander of investigation Chernak of Mikhail Nikitich who was killed in battle with Hitlerite aggressors worked are located. In 1943 from group the group of guerrillas which grew up in group of Frunze separated.

On the southeast party around Divinsky bogs behind the Dnieper and Bugsky channel there was a group of Shchors which tasks included protection of guerrilla airfield about Svoryn prepared for reception of planes from the Continent. In the same place also the guerrilla group to them was based. Kotovsk.

Except the above-named guerrilla groups, in the woods near Kobrin in 1943 two prospecting and diversionary groups from a staff of Red Army were formed. One of them, under V. Savelyev's command, was based in the Dakhlovsky wood, another, under A. Nikitin's command, - near. October. Thus, the city was surrounded with guerrilla formations from all directions. Invaders did not feel like full owners on the Kobrin earth.

Actions of guerrillas went to the final period of occupation according to the course of military operations of Red Army which carried out the operation "Bagration" on liberation of Belarus from Hitlerite aggressors. Every day more and more shaky was position of invaders.

At the stands telling about history of the guerrilla movement photos and documents of guerrillas are placed; the wall newspapers and leaflets made in groups; pencil portraits of guerrillas and picture. In the center of the hall the model of guerrilla camp of group of Suvorov executed by one of its participants is located. And in the central show-window the fragment of a guerrilla dugout in which original objects of guerrilla life are presented is recreated: radio receiver, lamp, coat, compass, self-made knives, oven potbelly stove, set of medical tools, captured weapon and many other objects.

Underground and guerrilla movement / sost. E.V. Babenko//Seven centuries of Kobrin: short guide to military historically museum of name A.V. Suvorova. – Brest: Joint stock company "Brest printing house, 2004. – Page 21-22. 

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