About Kobrin

Dzerzhinsky Street

The street is called in honor of Felix Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky.

Dzerzhinsky Felix Edmundovich (1877-1926), figure of revolutionary movement and Soviet state, one of founders of the Soviet security service and investigation. Was born on August 30 (on September 11), 1877 in Dzerzhinovo's manor of the Oshmyansky County of the Vilensky province (nowadays Stolbtsovsky district of the Minsk region) in a small estate and large shlyakhetsky (noble) family. Got an education in a gymnasium (a course did not end).

Still the boy, playing with the gun, incidentally shot the sister Wanda (according to other data, murder was committed by the brother), but parents suppressed this fact not to complicate to the son further life. In youth inclined to Catholic fanaticism and at one time even wanted to enter an award of Jesuits. In 1895 entered the Lithuanian social democratic organization, in 1900 — Social democracy of the Kingdom of Poland and Lithuania (SDKPIL).

Conducted party work in Vilno, the cities of the Kingdom Polish, St. Petersburg. Since 1906 the representative SDKPIL in the Central Committee RSDRP. Was considered in 1906–1912 as the member of the Central Committee of RSDRP (b). It was repeatedly arrested, ran twice, it was several times released under amnesty; carried out in total on penal servitude and in exile of 11 years.

In 1917 entered RSDRP (b), at the same time to it the party experience since 1895 was included. Since August, 1917 the member of the Central Committee and secretariat of Bolshevik Party. In October, 1917 the member of Petrograd revolutionary-military committee, the participant of the well-known meeting of the Central Committee of Bolshevik party where the decision on armed revolt was made.

In days of October revolution in Petrograd was responsible for protection of a staff of Bolsheviks of Smolny, directed capture of the Main post office and telegraph. It is elected the member of the Constituent assembly from Bolsheviks. Since November, 1917 the member of board of People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs of RSFSR. According to Lenin's proposal 7 on December (20), 1917 it was appointed the chairman the All-Russian Extraordinary Commission at SNK RSFSR on fight against counterrevolution and sabotage. VChK and its local bodies received the large powers, up to pronouncement of death sentences. "The right of execution is extremely important for ChK" — Dzerzhinsky wrote.

In 1918 Dzerzhinsky supported L. D. Trotsky and "the left communists", having opposed Lenin's position on the conclusion of the Brest world, including its capitulatory. In days of levoeserovsky mutiny in Moscow did not begin to suppress it (it was even arrested by rebels), on July 8, 1918 at own request for the period of investigation of circumstances of mutiny it was dismissed the chairman of VChK, but already on August 22 it is restored.

Since March, 1919 at the same time headed People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs of RSFSR, since August of the same year — Special department of VChK — military counterintelligence, and since November, 1920 and security service of borders. Since October, 1919 the chairman of the Council of War of troops of the militarized protection (VOHR), since November, 1920 — troops of VNUS (internal service).

In July — September, 1920, i.e. during the Soviet-Polish war and approach of Red Army to Warsaw, the chairman of the Polish Central Committee bureau of RCP (6) and the member of the Temporary revkom of Poland. In August — September, 1920 the member of Revolutionary Military Council of the Western front. Repeatedly went to various fronts of Civil war where directed fight against gangsterism, restored discipline in troops.

At the beginning of 1921 during inner-party discussion about labor unions supported the point of view of L. D. Trotsky — N. I. Bukharina. Since 1921 along with the main KGB work headed the commission on improvement of life of children; directed elimination of children's homelessness.

Unlike part of communists, supported new economic policy of Bolsheviks at once, supported development of the market relations. At the same time completely associated with Lenin's course in the political sphere directed to destruction of any dissent and preservation of monopoly of Bolsheviks for the power. The same year, when GPU was deprived of the right to pronounce death sentences and to send political prisoners into exile, achieved creation at People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs of special meeting (the chairman appointed Dzerzhinsky) with the right to banish counter-revolutionaries. Was one of organizers of expulsion in 1922 abroad of figures of domestic science and culture, repressions against priests, arrest and isolation of the patriarch Tikhon.

Categorically opposed attempts of a number of liberally adjusted figures of Bolshevik Party to transfer the state security agencies to the jurisdiction of Narkomat of justice of RSFSR. In February, 1922 in connection with elimination of VChK became the chairman of her successor — the Head Political Department (HPD) at People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs of RSFSR, at the same time in February, 1921 — February, 1924 the people's commissar of means of communication. Since September, 1923 the chairman of OGPU at SNK USSR. It was repeatedly elected the member of Organizational bureau of the Central Committee of RCP(b).

Since 1922 was Stalin's supporter in his race for power with L. D. Trotsky. In 1923 Dzerzhinsky suggested to impute a duty to all party members to report OGPU about any fractional performances. Agreed with Stalin's proposal to approve appointment of executives of OGPU in the secretariat of the Central Committee of All-Union Communist Party (bolsheviks), thereby already to the middle of the 1920th years having put personnel policy in bodies of state security under control of future leader of the country. After Lenin's (January, 1924) death it was appointed at the head of the commission of the Central Election Commission of the USSR on the organization of a funeral. He insisted, contrary to objections of the widow of the dead N. K. Krupskaya, on embalming of a body of the dead; under its management in the shortest possible time the mausoleum was built. Since 1924 the candidate for members of the Politburo of the Central Committee of All-Union Communist Party (bolsheviks).

Since February, 1924, without leaving a post of the chairman of OGPU, headed the All-Russian Council of the National Economy (ARCNE) of the USSR, under its control there was practically all national economy of the country. On a post of the chairman of VSNKh involved in its work skilled experts with pre-revolutionary education, continued the line of support of market reforms, assumptions of free prices, the terminations of pressure upon the peasantry that led to the deep conflict with leaders of opposition G. E. Zinovyev and L. B. Kamenev.

Dzerzhinsky in Moscow died on July 20, 1926 of heart attack during a meeting of the Joint plenum of the Central Committee and TsKK of All-Union Communist Party (bolsheviks), after the speech in which he opposed opposition and withdrawal from policy of the party majority of that time.
It is buried in Moscow at Red Square.

The following photos will help to make idea of the street:

UO "Kobrin GPTK of Builders"

Houses on Dzerzhinsky St.

GUO "SSh No. 7 of Mr. Kobrin"

Computer Service shop

Veras shop

Meridian shop

Houses on Dzerzhinsky St.

Universam shop

Universam shop

"The Chinese wall"

Stomatologic policlinic

Malls "Oscar"

Malls "Oscar"

Houses on Dzerzhinsky St.

Houses on Dzerzhinsky St.

Bar cafe "Verandah"

Children's and youth sports school

Arrangement on the card




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