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Flora

WILLOW BILBERRY

Type: VASCULAR PLANTS (PLANTAE VASCULARES)
Department: POKRYTOSEMENNYE (FLORAL) (ANGIOSPERMAE (MAGNOLIOPHYTA))
Class: DVUDOLNYE (MAGNOLIOPSIDY) (DICOTYLEDONES (MAGNOLIOPSIDA))
Order: IVOIVETNYE (SALICALES)
Family: WILLOW (SALICACEAE)

Look: SALIX MYRTILLOIDES L.
         VYARBA CHARN_CHNY

Category of protection: 3



International importance:
It is included in the Red List of Belarus of the 2nd edition (1993). It is protected in Poland, Lithuania, Ukraine and Latvia.

Description:
Bush with the ascending trunks 30-80 cm high with gray bark. Escapes yellow-brown or red-brown, in the top part fluffy. Leaves are small, elliptic or oblong and ovoid, smooth-edged, naked, from above opaque green, from below gray, on very short scapes. Flowers small, without bracts, are collected in friable ear rings. A fruit – a narrow odnognezdny two-fold box.

Rasprostraniyeniye:
The area covers forest-tundra and taiga zones of the North, the Central and Eastern Europe, almost all Siberia to coast of the Okhotsk and Japanese seas. Meets in northern part of Ukraine, on Central Volga. The relic boreal look which is in Belarus in separate localities near the southern border of an area. The Region meets in Brest (The Brest, Ivatsevichsky, Kobrin, Maloritsky, Stolinsky districts), Vitebsk (Braslavsky, Dokshitsky, Lepelsky, Lioznensky, Rossonsky, Shumilinsky districts), Minsk (Borisovsky, Vileysky, Volozhinsky, Krupsky, Minsk, Myadelsky districts), Gomel (Kalinkovichsky and Mazyr districts) and Mogilev (The Babruysk, Kirov, Klichevsky districts). Earlier it was noted for Grodno, Turov, Zhlobin, Simonovichi (Glussky district) and the territory of Klichevsky and Lelchitsky districts.

Habitats:
Mezotrofny sedge sfagnovye bogs with prevalence in a grass cover of sedge uliginose and volosistoplodny.

Biology:
Blossoms at the beginning of May (ear rings are dismissed along with emergence of leaves). Anemofil. Reproduction is mainly seed. Fructifies in June. Anemokhor.

Number and tendency of its change:
Usually grows at separate copies and small groups.

Major factors of threat:
Drainage of bogs and economic transformation of lands.

Protection measures:
Grows in territories of National park "Narochansky" and the Berezinsky biospheric reserve, a number of wildlife areas in Brest ("Buslovka", "Wild", "Vygonoshchanskoye") and the Vitebsk ("Kozyansky") Region, and also in the protected marsh massifs. Periodic control of a condition of the known populations and search new, the organization of protection of all locations with prohibition in places of growth of a willow bilberry negative anthropogenous impacts are necessary.

Originators: Parfyonov V. I., Mlynarchik M.P.