Articles about Kobrin: 1941 - 1945

Akupatsyyna rezhy

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Akupatsyyna rezhy what ў ustano¸lena g_tlera¸tsam_ on a chasov zakhoplenay _m_ terytory_ nashay Radz_ma, raspratso¸va¸sya zagadzya, yashche yes I will attack on Savetsk_ Sayuz. _kh an akupatsyyny pal_tyka of a detalyov the adnachasova z raspratso¸kay the strategist іі ¸skhodnyay kampan іі і a znayshla to a kankretnaa to the ¸vasableena ў so invited general the plan "OST" — a pragrama kalan_zatsy_ zakhopleny terytory, german_zayets і, vysyalennya і zn_shchennya the people ў At skhodnyay E¸ropy, at ty to a l_k і was thought over by Belarus_. Pra Iago nak_ravanasts it is possible merkavats for a pas declare G_tlera, yaky yon zrab і ў 30 sakav_ka of 1941 on a naradza of a vysheyshag of a general_tet nyametskay to an automated workplace іі. At getay declare yon a pram of the narration ў that a vayna suprats the USSR to a budza war on Iago Zn_shchenna.

Zykhodzyacha z chalavekanenav_sn_tskay _de_ the Fuhrer, g_tlera¸ets raspratsaval_ I kiss seryyu different dyrekta ў, instructions, _nstruktsy, yak_ya vyznachyl_ akupatsyyna rezhy on akup_ravanay terytory_ Savetskaga Sayuza. Adny z tak_kh the document ў z'ya¸lyaetsets of a sakretna G_mler's memorandum, at yak_m ukazvalasya that zakhoplenyya ¸skhodn_ya terytory_ nalezhyts razglyadats a yak ab'ekt kalan_zatsy_ і german_zatsy_. The Akupatsyyny pal_tyka, gavarylasya ў gety the memorandum, a pav_nna byts a nak_ravana on ty, incorporated bank peratvaryts akty¸ny Masa of "a _nsharodnag of a naseln_tstv" ў napa¸p_smenny the slave ў.

Asno¸nyya palazhenn_ akupatsyynaga to a rezhym byl_ davol_ padrabyazna of a vykladzena і ў to a sherag _nshy sumnavyadomy document ў. At daleyshy Yana dapa¸nyal_sya to zagada і, _nstruktsyyam_ galo¸nakamandavannya ¸zbroyeny s_l і _nshy departments ў g_tlera¸skay Herman іі, at yak_kh Massawa a teror, rabavann і, the gvaltavayena і zaboystva ¸zvodz_l_sya ў a rank dzyarzha¸nay pal_tyk_.

Yashche ў a vyarkho¸naa the galo¸nakamandavayena nyametskay an automated workplace іі gave to a sakav_k of 1941 "_nstruktsyyu a pr asobyya voblasts і" yes dyrektyva No. 21 (the plan "Barbarossa"), z yaky vyn_kat that a savetsky dzyarzhava of a pav_nn byts the l_kv_davana, and yae terytoryya is dismembered on I am glad vyal_k_kh ablastsy on the chal z reykhskam_saryyatam_.

20 zhn і ў nya 1941 ў stvorana would reykhs-kam_saryit "Ukra_n" (z to the centers at of Ro¸n), yak_ Erykh Koch ¸znachat і ў. Han padparadko¸va¸sya a spetsyyalna to a stvoranam ў Berl_ne to a pas reykhsm_n_sterstvo sprava akup_ravany uskhodn_kh ablastsy on the chal z Rozenbergam. Would Reykhskam_saryit "Ukra_n" ў padzelena on the 6th general the district. At general to the district of "Valyn-Padol_ya" z to the centers at Ro¸ne ¸vayshl_ Rovno, Valynsky і Kamyanets-Padolskaya voblasts і, and a taksama pa¸dnyovyya rayona of Brestskay і P_nskay ablastsy Belarus і, at ty to a l_k і Kobrynsk_ of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences. Ha _kh terytory_ byl_ stvorana Brestskaya, Kobrynsky і P_nskaya akrug_.

Uzbroyenay aporay fashystskaga to a rezhym z'ya¸lyal_sya voysk_ Wehrmacht. Garn_zona і ¸matsavanyya points akho¸ny dyv_z_y, a stick ў, a battalion ў g_tlera¸ets razmyasts_l_ on ¸syoy akup_ravanay terytory_ Belarus і, at ty to a l_k і ў Kobrynsk_m to the rayena.

Zagadam G_tlera hell 25 chervenya 1941 usya a pa¸nata of a ¸lada on akup_ravanay terytory_ peradavalasya to a kamanduyucham Wehrmacht. For padtrymannya so a zvanaga "the navaga a paradka" was a stvorana nyametsky tsyv_lny, and a taksama myastsovy dapamozhny adm_n_stratsyya. Structure of a getag of a vyal_znag of an adm_n_stratsyynag to the chalk device tak_ vyglyad: general districts on the chal z to general kam_sara; districts — z to geb_ts-kam_sara; a garadsky ¸prava (the city of a rayonnag to a typ) — z to burgam_stra; syaredn_ya і vyal_k_ya garada — z garadsk_m to kam_sara; the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences — z Galawa of a rayon; voyasts — z valasny starshynyoy ts_ to burgam_stra; with authority — sa to heads (soltysa). Usya a ¸lada zasyarodzhvalasya ў hands of a reykhskam_sar, general a kam_sara ў, a geb_tskam_sara ў, garadsk_kh a kam_sara ў і different "a shefa ў", on posads yak_kh pryznachal_sya tolk_ Germans. Myastsovy dapamozhny adm_n_stratsyya the pav_nna was sadzeyn_chats to akupant at zanyavolenn_ savetsk_kh lyudzy.

Ustano¸lena of a kalan_yalna rezhy padtryml_va¸sya dense grid usyalyak_kh karny pal_tseysk_kh body ў, tak_kh, yak pal_tsyya byaspek_ і SD, CC, secret palyavy pal_tsyya (SPP), pal_tsyya paradka, zhandarmeryya і _nsh.

Mustache savetsk_ya laws fascists abvyasts_l_ nesapra¸dnym_. Zamest _kh akupatsyynyya kozhna ¸lada dzen vydaval_ zagada of a pr "are new paradak", yak_ya zakanchval_sya one і that zha the phrase: "V_navatyya buduts are punished smertsyu". To Tsyv_lnam to a naseln_tstv zabaranyalasya myanyats svayo mesets of a zhykharstvo without spetsyyalnag to a transit license; vykhodz_ts on vul_ets, kal_ stsyamny; prymats on zhykharstvo of persons not z a myastsovaga of a naseln_tstv; padykhodz_ts yes a chygunachnaga of a palatn on adleglasts bl_zhey for the 100th meter ў. It is severe reglamentavalasya ¸syo zhyzzyo lyudzy.

"Kal_ we to hocha stvaryts our vyal_ky nyametsky _mperyyu, we are pav_nna persh for ¸syo vytsesn_ts і zn_shchyts slavyansk_ya the people — ras_yan, the Pole ў, a chekha ў, the Slovak ў, a balgara ў, ukra_nets ў, the Belarusian ў. Nyama n_yak_kh prychyn not zrab_ts a getaga" — so zaya¸lya ў G_tler (N_metsko-fashystskyy the akupats_yny mode to Ukra_n_. To., 1963. Page 11).

At pravyadzenn_ svayoy pal_tyk_ on akup_ravanay terytory_ g_tlera¸ets it is wide vykarysto¸val_ a zdradn_ka ў. Ukra_nsk_ya natsyyanal_sta skladal_ a galo¸ny support of an akupant ў at stvarenn_ myastsovy body ў, zaymal_ k_ruyuchyya adm_n_stratsyynyya і gaspadarchyya posads, greyucha ruk_ on rabavann_ a naseln_tstva garado ў і villages. Tyya z _kh that zasel_ ў dapamozhnay pal_tsy_ a paradka, vykonval_ samyya ganebnyya daruchenn_ an akupant ў at a baratsba suprats svaygo the people, suprats partyzan і a padpolypchyka ў.

Yak і ¸syak_ya kalan_zatara, nyametska-fashystsk_ya zakhopn_k_ namagal_sya raz'yadnats savetsk_kh lyudzy, raspal_ts pam_zh _m_ natsyyanalny varozhasts. Ukra_ntsa ў padbukhtorval_ suprats the Pole ў, the Pole ў — suprats ukra_nets ў і the Belarusian ў, ty і _nshy — suprats ras_yan, us_kh to times — suprats ya¸reya ў. The Asabl_vy ¸vaga fashystsky promotion zvyartat on ty, incorporated bank pasvaryts ukra_nets ў і the Belarusian ў z ras_ysk_m to the people.

Ukra_nsk_ya burzhuaznyya natsyyanal_sta velm_ staral_sya dapamagats to akupant at g_ravyadzenn_ antysavetskay promotion — the geta adpavyadat _kh to _dealag_chny poglyada. Wa ¸s_kh ablasny centers і Ukra_na's garada vykhodz_l_ natsyyanal_stychnyya newspapers. Svoyeasabl_vym_ af_tsyyozam_ z'ya¸lyal_sya "Nyametska-ў the kra_nsky newspaper" і "Valyn", yak_ya raspa¸syudzhval_sya і ў Kobrynsk_m to the rayena, and a taksama "Our word", yaky was issued ў to Brestsa on ¸kra_nskay to mova, і _nsh.

Argan_zavana haraktar katavannyam і zn_shchennyu savetsk_kh lyudzy, on terytory_ Belarus_ the stvorana of a s_stem of a kantslager ў was incorporated bank nadats naybolsh. Pastayanna pravodz_l_sya karnyya ekspedyets і, praktykavalasya s_stema of a zalozhn_k ў. Getyya measures of an adnachasov z'ya¸lyal_sya to srodka zagadzya zaplanavanaga g_tlera¸tsam_ zn_shchennya naseln_tstva. Adna z mnog_kh prychyn, yak_m_ k_raval_sya nyametska-fashystsk_ya zakhopn_k_ for ¸zhyvannya zbro_ suprats a m_rnaga of a naseln_tstv, was to the spachuvayena lyudzy to partyzana і to padpolshchyka, the akazayena _m padtrymk_. "Rusk_ya ў tsyaperashn_ hour addal_ zagad ab partyzanskay to the vayena ў ours back. Geta partyzansky vayna May і pile peravag_: Yana Dai to us magchymasts zn_shchats us_kh, hto to a pa¸staa suprats us" — zaya¸lya ў G_tler (Top secret! Only for command! Strategy of fascist Germany in war against the USSR. Documents and materials. M, 1967. Page 105).

Stalemate to baratsba vyglyada z partyzanam_ karn_k_ peratvaral_ ў pustelnyya zones tselyya rayona, dzesyatk_ vyosak zmyatal_sya z to a tvar zyaml і, zhykhara _kh zn_shchal_sya, vyvoz_l_sya ў kantslager ts_ ў to a slavery fashystskaa ў German_yu.

At Rechyts's vyosets 5 verasnya 1942 karn_k_ spal_l_ 45 dvaro ў, rasstralyal_ ts_ spal_l_ zhyvym_ 64 yae zhykhara. Tak_ the wood a napatka ў і to Barysa¸k's vyosk, at yaky 23 verasnya 1942 fascists rasstralyal_ 169 chalavek, syarod yak_kh was 97 zhanchyn і 23 dz_tsyats_. 23 lyutag of 1943 fascists rasstralyal_ 24 zhykhara vyosk_ the Bull і, at vyosets Arol yany spal_l_ 12 dvaro ў, rasstralyal_ 18 chalavek, at Luk's vyosets spal_l_ 75 dvaro ў і rasstralyal_ 20 chalavek. 13 l_penya 1944 g_tlera¸sk_ya kata zn_shchyl_ to a vyosk to Pav_zza, a dza was it is burned 127 dvaro ў, rasstralyana і are burned zhyvym_ 141 yae zhykhar. Usyago ў Kobrynsk_m to the rayena nyametska-fashystsk_ya zakhopn_k_ spal_l_ 1693 dvara і zn_shchyl_ 3767 m_rny zhykharo ў (Natsyyanalna arkh і ў Respubl_k_ Belarus. T. 4683. Vop. 3. Spr. 747. L. 19-25).

Akupanta abkladval_ a naseln_tstva nepas_lnym_ padatkam_ — naturalnym_ і grashovym_. Did not _snavat Adz_ny norms. Pamer padatka ў zalezha ў hell zhadannya myastsovy ulad. So, napryklad, selyan_n for a cow pav_nen ў zdats 800 l_tr ў Melaka і zaplats_ts the 600th karbovanets ў. A zhykhara mustache hell of the 14th reptile ў pav_nna byl_ plats_ts so zvana "padushna padatak" — 100 — 200 karbovanets ў z a chalaveka. _snaval_ "дзяржаўныя" padatk_ — grashova z "abshchynny gaspadarak", padatak z rural gaspadark і, sa spadchyna, і, akramya tago, akupant abavyazval_ plats_ts bezl_ch a padatka ў myastsovy: on budynk і, on transpartnyya expenses і to a zhyvyol, on zyamelnyya ¸chastk і, yak_ya not padlyagal_ to a selskagaspadarcham padatkaabkladannyu, і navat on dogs. So, 27 studzenya 1942 spetsyyalny rasparadzhenny Ukra_na's reykhskam_sara ў ustano¸lena padatak on dogs — a pas of the 50th karbovanets ў at a year for a kozhnag.

At do¸g_m to a zlachynstvo sp_sa ў nyametska-fashystsk_kh a zakhopn_ka ў on belaruskay zyaml_ to an asabl_vaa of mesets to a prymusova zaymaa export m_rny zhykharo ў on fashystsky penal servitude ў German_yu.

Already ў 1941 g_tlera¸ets raspachal_ on Ukra_na, at ty to a l_k і ў Kobrynsk_m to the rayena, kampan_yu "добраахвотнай" vyarbo¸k_ rabochay s_la ў German_yu. Incorporated bank zaman_ts akhvyara ў a pile a pastka, fashystsky promotion not skup_lasya on abyatsann і, pakazvayucha ў ruzhovy to a svyatla nyametsk_ "paradise". Lyudzey zape¸n_vat і that ў to a reykh of Yana buduts Metz dobras zarobak, zhyllyo, magchymasts "pabachyts Zakhad" і to Alya to Pospekh getyya abyatsank_ not mel_. Ubachy¸sha that "dobraakhvotny" kampan_ya broke, akupant pachal_ a l_taralna palyavats on lyudzy. Fashysta _shl_ on ¸syo, incorporated bank vykanats the plan "mab_l_zayets і" rabochay s_la. Pal_tsyya a pravodz_la masavyya round-ups, an arypggo¸vala pratsazdolny і a gvalto¸na of an adpra¸lyal _kh at Nyamechchynu (Zhytom_rsk_ of an ablasna of a dzyarzha¸na arkh і ў. T. 1510. Bon. 1. Spr. 4. L. 222).

On asobny to an ul_k ў fashystsk_kh zakhopn_ka ў byl_ zhykhara partyzansk_kh zones. Yana ab'ya¸lyal_sya "to bandyta і" ts_ "sa¸dzeln_kam_ bandyta ў", stav_l_sya "groove to laws" і padlyagal_ zn_shchennyu ts_ to a pagalo¸nam to export ў slavery.

Usyago z to g_tlera¸ets was successful Belarus_ zakhap_ts і vyvezts_ ў to German_yu bolsh for 380 thousand gramadzyan, at ty to a l_k z Kobrynskaga of a rayon of 1397 chalavek, z _kh vyarnul_sya on a radz_ma 976 chalavek.

Tsyazhk_ya vyprabavann_ vypal_ on a share zhykharo ў Kobrynskaga of a rayon, a yak і ¸syoy Belarus і, at reptiles nyametska-fashystskay akupatsy_. G_tlera¸tsa _kh zab_vat і, pal_l і, rabavat і, kataval_. To Alya yany not stal_ on kalen_ perad to akupant і, not skh_l_l_ the heads ў slavery.

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