Articles about Kobrin: As a part of VKL and RP

At a skladza of Vyal_kaga of knyastvo L_to¸skaga of i of Rechy Paspal_tay

The Vyal_kaye of L_to¸skaye's Knyastvo (VLK) — rannefeadalny manarkh_ya, an uzn_kla ў the XIII station Shlyakh_ і srodk_ ¸klyuchennya belarusk_kh zyamel at VKL byl_ roznyya, Alya peravazhal_ pagadnenn_ z feadalam_ gety zyamel, zats_ka¸lenym_ ў motsnay to a dzyarzhava, zdolnay abaran_ts _kh hell zneshnyay agres іі, stvaryts spryyalnyya ¸mova for gaspadark і, gandlyu і _nsh. Wa ¸stoyl_vay dzyarzha¸nay to an uladza byl_ zats_ka¸lena і garada, yak_ya tsyarpel_ hell feadalnay anarkh іі, m_zhusob_ts і zneshn_kh attack ў. To Getam of a spryyal і feudal razdroblenasts zyamel K_e¸skay Rus і, _kh to the aslableena ў suvyaz_ z nashesets of a mangola-tatar ў і to nats_ska kryzhako ў. On belarusk_kh і ¸kra_nsk_kh lands VKL ў bolsh vysok_ ¸zroven razv_zzya a feadalnaga of a gramadstvo, chy at l_to¸ska-zhamoytsk_kh, to Tam _kh upla ў on a sphere ¸sa zhyzzya dzyarzhava ў prykmetna on ¸s_m to a pratsyag g_story_ INCL.

Yes resident of Kan of the XIV St, nashchadk_ vyal_kaga of the prince of a l_to¸skag Algerd (1345-1377) of a nado¸g zamatsaval_sya ў Kobryne. Adz_n z _kh, Raman Fyodarav_ch, z 1387 of a pach ў af_tsyyna of nazyvatsets prince Kobrynsk_m. A yak і mnog_ya z vyal_kal_to¸sk_kh knyazyo ў, a geta to the pakaleena Algerdav_cha ў was a zvyazana shlyubnym_ adnos_nam_ z pradsta¸n_tsam_ myastsovy feudal sorts ў. Hell sva_kh slavyansk_kh prodka ў Yana atrymal_ ў to a spadchyn to a pravasla¸a і mova і amal not adrozn_val_sya hell _nshy zakhodnyarusk_kh feudal lord ў. Yes knyazyo ў Kobrynsk_kh of a get adnos_lasya ў po¸nay measures. Adnak paslya Kre¸skay un іі, zaklyuchanay pam_zh Polshchay і VKL at 1385, peravazhnyya are right ў dzyarzhava sprava stal_ atryml_vats katol_k_. To Tam pravasla¸nyya knyaz_ hots і znakhodz_l_sya ў karale¸skay sv_ets, Alya Vysok_kh posad not mel_. Zatoye yany byl_ po¸nym_ gaspadaram_ ў sva_kh votchyna, mel_ ¸lasna yard, Rada (knyazhatsk_ council), namesn_ka ў і p_sara ў, and yes tago yashche vyal_znyya zeml_ і pushcha, shmat padnyavolny syalyan. Yak knyaz_ Galshansk_ya, Slutsk_ya, Msts_sla¸sk_ya ts_ is similar to Zasla¸sk_ya knyaz_ to Kobrynsk_ya ¸vekavechyl_ to a _myona pile to buda¸n_tstva of a tserkv ў і the lock ў, tolk_ a f_guruyucha zredka ў violent padzeyakh. Napryklad, Syamyon Ramanav_ch Kobrynsk_ (pamyor heating 1460) an udzeln_cha ў at the vayena pravasla¸ny the feudal lord ў suprats a polskaga of Caral of Uladz_slav II Yagayla, raspachatay z metay pashyrennya pal_tychny the right ў. Are crushed ў by one z a b_tva ў, yon vymushana ў adsedzhvatsets ў sva_m Kobrynsk_m to the lock yes lepshy hour ў.

At the 2nd to a palova of the XV Art. at a warehouse of Kobrynskaga of a knyastvo ¸vakhodz_l_ two myastechk_ — Dabuchyn (pazny Pruzhana) і Garadzets. Terytoryya padzyalyalasya on volasts_: Kobrynsky, Charavachytsky, Vezhytsky, Dabuchynsky, Bludzensky, Grusha¸sky і Garadzetskaya. Knyastva zakho¸vat a pas-raneyshamu samastoynasts.

Nastupnyya ¸ladaln_k_ the cities — a boa knyag_nya Ulyana, yae the son _van Syamyonav_ch z zhonkay Fyadoray — stal_ vyadoma sva_m_ fundasham_ (subs_dyyam і) on karysts pravasla¸nay tsarkva. Pra _kh to a kobrynskam to a manastyr of Svyatoga of Saviour byl_ vydzelena mlyn on She¸na (Mukha¸tsa is nimble), rybnyya stava, a uvalok (valok) — 21,36 hectares zyaml і, a dan_na to bread і honey z chastk_ castle zyamel, and ў to a prydach — a karchma dzva. At gety zha manastyra pakhaval_ a _vana of Syamyonav_cha, an aposhnyag of a muzhchynskag of a pradsta¸n_k knyazyo ў Kobrynsk_kh.

Kobryn i to a navakolla ў syaredzine XVI St. Map fragment And. Pagrabki "Chastka E¸rapeyskay Sarmatyi", skladzenay at Padui ў 1560 of i prysvechanay to Caral Zhygintu to the II A¸gust.

Kal_ ў 1501 Iago Syastra Hannah Syamyona¸na became zhonkay a karale¸skaga Václav's marshalka (Ventslava) Kastsev_cha, pra peraysho¸sha gety z pravasla¸ya ў a katal_tstva, fundatsy_ stal_ nak_ro¸vatsets of a pas _nshy to an adrasa. At Kobryne z'yav і ў sya kastsyol, at yak_m, a yak svedchats documents, on Hannah Kobrynskay-Kastsev_ch's pennies ў uzvedzena altar.

On the atrymayena ў to Kobryn's spadchyn of a za¸syoda was shmat a pretendenta ў. Pavodle of a zagad ў Caral Zhyg_monta I Staroga, yak_ a pacha ў prav_ts z 1506, a mustache pretenz іі on getyya ¸ladann_ is scrupulous f_ksaval_sya ў a spetsyyalny kn_ga. At a l_ka of a kankurent ў byl_ a taksama pradsta¸n_k_ pravasla¸nay і katal_tskay a tserkva ў. Karol not spyasha¸sya z vynyasenny rashennya ў, bo itself namerva¸sya prybrats yes geta hands vyal_k_ і are rich ¸dzet. Veducha akty¸ny ¸nutrany і a zneshny pal_tyka, yon me ў to a patreb ў-place srodka, yak_ya magl_ pastup_ts at Iago treasury tolk_ z asab_sty uladannya ў. Adnak radav_tyya feudal lords, zykhodzyacha z yurydychna asvechany tradytsy, taksama not suprats byl_ pamnozhyts pile bagazz_. Suprats magnatskay al_garkh іі the shlyakhta, pakolk_ yae zyamelnyya _ntaresa ў tak_kh vypadka _gnaraval_sya acted.

At an ear of 1519 Hannah Syamyona¸na Kobrynskaya died knyag_nya. Knyazhatsk_ hour of Kobryn skonchy¸sya. To Alya yashche a do¸ga, not mensh a yak 2 stagoddz і, on e¸rapeysk_kh cards of a pas neykay dz і ў Nye g_starychnay _nertsy_ to a budza pratsyagvats _snavats Kobrynskaye of a knyastvo — Cobrinol Ducatus.

Yashche ў zhn і ў n_ 1516, znakhodzyachysya ў V_ln і, Karol Zhyg_mont of I Are old paabyaets ў Vatsla ў Kastsev_chu to a votchyn z us_m_ knyazhatsk_m_ mayontkam_ ў to a pazhyzzyovaa to the ¸ladayena. I sapra¸da, that hundred ў gaspadary former knyastvo, to dzyarzha¸ets. To Alya da Guetaga zvannya karale¸sk_ pryv_ly, dadzena ў to Krakava 7 chervenya 1519, a dadava ў yashche adno — the head. Kobryn z pryleglym_ zemlyam_ camps і ў sya z getaga to hour to starostvo, yaky adm_n_stratsyyna padparadko¸valasya to Caral. Iago's hell _mya і is right і ў a tsyaper of dzyarzha¸ets of Kastsev_ch. To Get date it is possible a ¸mo¸na l_chyts for ears a navaga to a peryyad g_story_ the cities.

Sir Kastsev_ch of an atrym ў klyucha hell Kobrynskaga of the lock, yak_ tsyaper peratvara¸sya ў central syadz_ba of "grodavag" of a starostvo. Karol, atryma¸sha of a vernag of a sayuzn_k — the magnate, me ў hell of a getag of the act of a peradacha pal_tychny, Alya n_ ў yak_m time not materyyalny benefit. I on nedaskanalasts getay zdzelk_ the razvazhl_vy zhonka of Bon Sforts D'Aragon did not pram_nut ¸kazats Iago's hole, yaky praz nekator hour of a faktychn became ¸ladaln_tsay Kobrynskaga of a starostvo.

At 1563 at Kobryn of a pryba ў karale¸sk_ a rev_zor Dzm_try Sapega. Menav_ta stalemate Iago K_ra¸n_tstvam skladalasya to the ap_sayena ¸syoy house-keeper іі, yak stal_ ў daleyshy nazyvats geta violent to Iago's ¸ladayena vyal_kasts_. At rev_z іі ¸pershynyu z'yav_l_sya nazva vul_ts, budynk_ і _myona _kh an uladaln_ka ў, zanyatk_ some zhykharo ў. Zrazumela, a rev_zor is far not za¸syoda of an asab_st of a ¸n_k ў at a sprava, bolsh a razl_chva ў on a pamochn_k ¸-p_sara ў і svedchann_ myastsovy zhykharo ў. To Tam not abyshlosya without pamylak і nekatoray blytan_na.

Prykladna so vyglyadali ladies zhykharo ў Kobryna ў syaredzine XVI St.

To the Dzelavy centers of the city ў the market (that to a ¸vogula it is characteristic for syarednevyako¸ya) — a spacious ploshcha, a chastka yaky zaymal_ gandlyovyya are glad і taverns. Ploshchu z us_kh Bako ў abkruzhal_ roznyya budynk і, peravazhna dvukhpavyarkhovyya. Verkhn_ over a zvychayn advodz і ў sya a stalemate zhyllyo, n_zhn_ serve ў kramay ts_ ramesnay maysternyay. Amal pramavugolny ў plan market ploshcha of a pershapachatkov farm_raval_ 4 asno¸nyya vul_ets: Ratnensky, P_nsky, Berastseysky і Astrametskaya. At _kh nazva easily ¸gadvayetsets suvyaz z napramkam_ a way ў, yak_ya _shl_ z dalyok_kh Abo bl_zk_kh the settlement ў. The Aposhny vul_tsa, a pra¸da, prab_ralasya syuda z-for cancer і, gublyayucha a pile pramal_neynasts і navat to a nazv (on Kobryn's plan of the resident of Kan of the XVIII station Yana of nazyvayetsets of Slushnay). Skin z gety vul_ts a vykhodz_la on ¸lasna vugat ploshcha. At ours dn_ on mesets to the market — Svaboda's ploshch, vul_ets the Ratnensky atrymala to a nazv _nternatsyyanalnay, P_nskaya became Pershamayskay, Berastseysky — Savetskay, and Astrametskaya — Kamun_stychnay.

To Ratnenskay vul_ets that _shla ў pa¸dnyovy to a napramk, zhyl_ ў asno¸ny ramesn_k_ і merchants. At rev_z іі 1563 of a paznachana tak_ya _myona, a yak Bagdan Kravets, Matsvey Kravets, Traf_m Rymar, Jan Stralets, Yatsyna Kapusts_ch, Panas Kadzyanets, Radzets Matseykav_ch, Stsyapan Maskav_ts_n (Torahs aposhn_ya, a veragodna, merchants ts_ gandlyara). A mustache of Yana mel_ a pas the 3rd rods (a rod — 23,72 sq.m) syadz_ba (inhabited і subsidiary pamyashkannya ў) і the 4th rods of an agarod.

Pennies, yakimi karystalisya to the kabrynchena ў to an ear of the XVI St.

Vul_tsa P_nskaya of a _shl ¸zdo¸zh rak_ Mukhavets on ¸skhod, gandlyova starazhytna pachynayucha a way of a pas of Paless_. On yoy a taksam syal_l_sya ramesn_k і, syarod yak_kh vylucha¸sya _vanets Yurkav_ch Kaval, zaty — Gryts Rybar і heating a dzesyatka of an agarodn_k ў. Here zha byl_ ¸chastk і that nalezhal_ to a _gumen of Spaskaga of a manastyr і kastselnay plyaban іі. And ў residents of Kan vul_ets razmyashchal_sya ladies ya¸reyskay abshchyna, at t.l. kagat і a s_nagog.

Hell vul_ets P_nskay adgal_no¸valasya vul_ets Balotskaya (chastka suchasnay vul_ets K_rava і vul_ets Chyrvonaarmeyskaya). To Asno¸ny zanyatka myastsovy zhykharo ў was an agarodn_tstva, vyrablyal_ the taksama a different container, at pryvatnasts_ bochk і, to Tam Paznei of vul_ets atrymat a nazva of Bachkarskay. Kozhna plyats sklada¸sya z 3 rods ў syadz_ba і 3 rods ў agaroda. Vul_tsa of a perakhodz_l ў gasts_nets for century of Balota.

3 pa¸dnyova-zakhodnyag of a vugl to the market pachynalasya vul_ets Berastseyskaya. On yoy mests_l_sya bolsh zamozhnyya dvara, yak_ya skladal_sya z the 5th rod ў syadz_ba і 8–15 rods ў an agaroda ў. N_ba ў suguchcha to a nazva vul_ets here prazhyva ў nekhta M_khno Berastsyan_n.

On left to Mukha¸ts's beraza razmyashchalasya an asno¸ny chastka of the city, behind raky — Another, menshy — "Zamukhavetskaye's places", a yak of a paznachan ў rev_z іі. Akramya vul_ets of Astrametskay at zakhodn_m to a napramk amal Charavachytskaya is parallel to a pravabyarezhzh tsyagnulasya vul_ets (at a rev_zor of Dzm_tryya Sapeg_ Yana chamusts_ apynulasya on left a beraza). Hell yae amal pobach z to beraga _sho ў gasts_nets on syalo Charavachytsa. The Zamukhavetsky chastka of the city of a ¸ya¸lyal Saba to a sapra¸dnaa of a kingdom of an agarod ў — uchastk_ ploshchay hell of the 13th rod ў і pains. Adnak here zaymal_sya і a potter's ramyastvo, v_dats, already ў the XVII Art. of vul_ets Charavachytskaya became nazyvatsets of Gancharnay. And distances on po¸nach pazny an uzn_kla nekalk_ tsagelny plant ў.

Zrazumela, a karale¸skaga of a rev_zor ts_kav_l_ persh for ¸syo galo¸nyya vul_ets, on yak_kh prazhyval_ to the garadzhena that mel_ nerukhomasts і bolsh ts_ mensh it is regular plats_l_ padatk_. Veragodna, ў at a goradza dzesyatak-drug_ fractional vulachak і a zavulka ў, a dza tul_lasya the poor. On Kobryn XVIII Sr. plan of Yana paznachana, і nekatoryya _kh nazva velm_ typovyya: Small, Small hell to the Market, Small Sv_nskaya (hots to a n_dza not a bachna of Vyal_kay), Rachnaya, Slushnaya і _nshyya. Nekatoryya vulachk_ atrymal_ nazva hell of a tserkv ў, yak_ya there znakhodz_l_sya: M_kolskaya, Prachystsensky.

At whole the city of a loan ў davol_ a vyal_ky ploshcha, on a yaky razmyashchalasya 377 dvaro ў z damam_. Akramya prysyadz_bny an agaroda ў zhykhara apratso¸val_ vornyya nadzela behind garadsky myazhy. The Ploshcha getay palyavy zyaml_ dasyagat Tats the 130th roll, z yak_kh 10 nalezhal_ to pravasla¸ny tserkva: Spaskay (manastyrskay), Rastva Bagarodz_tsy (Prachystsenskay), M_kolskay і Petrapa¸la¸skay (castle).

Myastsovy adm_n_stratsyya razmyashchalasya ў N_zhn_m Kobrynsk_m to the lock, yak_ nal_chva ў any more not to an adn one hundred reptile ў.

3 zakhodnyag to a side of Verkhnyaga of the lock tseraz to vul_ets of Slushnuyu pachynalasya terytoryya Spaskaga of a manastyr. At hours knyazhannya a _vana of Syamyonav_cha і Iago zhonk_ Fyadora a monastic tsarkva і _nshyya budynk_ here byl_ zrublena z a dreva. Adnak at an ear of the XVI Art. _kh zamyan_l_ muravanyya zbudavann_ — galo¸na the case z tsarkvy Svyatoga of Saviour, a yaky zaymala the central chastka, and a taksam of a stsyan z dekaryravanay bramay. To the 3rd side rak_ byl_ are dug out rybnyya sazhalk_ і zakladzena vyal_k_ a garden. Roznyya income dazvalyal_ manastyrsk_m to whispers vests_ to a nyabednaa zhyzzyo, and manastyr me ў kind reputatsyyu syarod vysheyshy tsarko¸ny chyno ў.

On a setup of a _nventarnag ap_sannya, a zroblenaga yashche ў 1549 to bayaryna Syamyonam Yaskov_cham the pas to a zagadza of a karaleva of Bona, is possible merkavats that ў manastyrskay to a tsarkva of Svyatoga of Saviour zakho¸val_sya vyal_k_ya kulturnyya kashto¸nasts_. Akramya different a pradmeta ў to a cult of old work, at pryvatnasts_ abrazo ў, namalyavany pases zalaty a background, z padveskam_ ў to a vyglyadza syarebrany v_ty gry¸nya ў і kashto¸ny kamyanyo ў, on tsarko¸ny choruses razmyashchalasya a b_bl_yateka velm_ redk_kh kn_g. Bayaryn to a zvyarn ў to a uvag on Evangella a starazhytnaga of a p_sm, an akavanaa ў serabro, і on _nshyya rukap_snyya kn_g_ to pamer at dzesyats (sama vyal_k_ z _snava¸shy Tats of a format ў). Byl_ here і pershyya kn_g і, drukavanyya k_ryl_tsay — "staradruk і", "Akto_kh" і "Tryyodz і", vydadzenyya ў 1491 Shvaypoltam F_yolem at Krakave.

Pal_tychnaye of a stanov_shch ў VKL of an asabl_v ¸skladn_l_ nya¸dacha ў to ear L_vonskay of a vayna of 1558-1583 і agres_ya z to a side of Turtsy_ і khanates Krymskaga on Iago Pa¸dnyovykh rubyazha. Usyo a geta of a vymus_l of VKL paysts_ on the union z Polypchay, a yakoga damagalasya the fractional shlyakhta of VKL, incorporated bank atrymats tak_ya pryv_le_ і are right, yak_m_ karystal_sya polsk_ya feudal lords. Magnates і the violent shlyakhta of VKL of a rashuch vystup_l_ suprats such union, Alya was a zatsverdzhana Lyubl_nskaya un_ya 1569, at adpavednasts_ z yaky an utvorana a federaty¸ny dzyarzhava — Rech Paspal_taya. Pavodle un іі VKL zakhavat a pile samastoynasts, swept the freak, treasury, troops, zakanada¸stvo, dzyarzha¸ny mova (belarusky yes the resident of Kan of the XVII Art.).

At tyya hours to a tsarkva of a nalezhal vyaduchy rolya ў farm_ravann_ dukho¸naga to a svetapoglyad of lyudzy. 3 pravasla¸nay rel_g_yay zvyazva¸sya ў-place stupen_ vyzvalencha Rukh of a belaruskag і ¸kra_nskaga of the people ў suprats polsk_kh і l_to¸sk_kh feudal lord ў. At a vyn_ka padp_sannya Brestskay un іі 1596 adbylosya to an argan_zatsyynaa to the ab'yadnayena on terytory_ Rechy Paspal_tay pravasla¸nay tsarkva z katal_tskay. The Pravasla¸ny tsarkva, zakho¸vayucha a pile _erarkh_yu, pryznavat the Father Rymskaga's vyarshenstvo і a katal_tsky dagmatyka і tak_m to chyna peratvaralasya ў a greka-katal_tsky (un_yatsky) tsarkva. 3rd another to a side, Yana zakho¸vat to a ¸sa pravasla¸nyya abrada, bogasluzhenn_ і propavedz_ on tsarko¸na-slavyanskay і belaruskay mova (on Ukra_na — on ¸kra_nskay). Aposhn_ pravasla¸na _gumen Kobrynskaga Spaskaga of a manastyr arkh_mandryt _van Gogal of hundred ў un_yatsk_m to ep_skapa at P_nsku.


Staronka "Aktoikha" Shvaypolta Fiyolya, vydadzenaga ў to Krakava ў 1491 Adzin z copy ў getay knigi zakho¸va¸sya ў bibliyatetsy Spaskaga manastyra ў Kobryne.

Peravazhny bolshasts a naseln_tstva suprats і ў lyalasya un іі, bo un_yatam_ і katol_kam_ persh for ¸syo stanav_l_sya feudal lords, z _myonam_ yak_kh zvyazva¸sya prygonna ¸ts_sk. Tolk_ the chastka svyataro ў a n_zheyshaga to a rank, that is sow z a drobnag of nobility — a shlyakhta — zakhaval_ addanasts pravasla¸yu. Nyaredka zdaral_sya pabo_shcha ў hour tsarko¸nay services. Kal_ to a tserkva ¸sa ў Kobryne perayshl_ ў ruk_ an un_yata ў, prykh_ln_k_ pravasla¸ya zasnaval_ ў bl_zheyshy to Lepyasa's syala altzrnaty¸na to former Spaskam are new manastyr. Fundatar Iago Bayaryn Pryshykhvostsk_ z century Grushava zvyarnu¸sya for padtrymkay at brotherhood V_lenskaga of Svyatadukha¸skaga of a manastyr — one z support pravasla¸ya on belarusk_kh lands. Zus_m of a veragodn that pra of a manastyra of a _snaval і pile bratsky school. Tak_ya schools z'ya¸lyal_sya Tats amal adz_nym_ argan_zatsyyam і, yak_ya adstoyval_ natsyyanalny culture of the people. Pra_snava¸sha yes 1691, geta manastyr at a vel_kodna dzen ў uzyata to prystupa і razrabavana un_yatam_.

Pasyadzhenne of garadsky court. Z ravyura of the XVI St.

3 metay prym_rennya pravasla¸ny і un_yata ў Rechy Paspal_tay un_yatsk_m to m_trapal_ta І. V. Rutsk_m і karalyom Zhyg_montam III Vazay at 1626 was an abveshchana to the skl_kayena Kobrynskaga of a cathedral. At the 2nd to a palova of the XVI Art. Kobryn of hundred ў karale¸skay ulasnastsyu, and Kobrynskaya ekanom_ya — vyal_k_m to "table mayontka" of Caral, yak_ me ў amal 800 hectares vornay zyaml_ і heating 100 hectares senazhatny Lugo ў.

Kobryn's coat of arms z pryvileya 1662.

At 1586 Mr. Kobryn dasta¸sya karaleve-ў Dove to Hannah Yagelontsy, dachtse Bona і Zhyg_monta I Staroga. Akty¸ny ў pal_tychny і gaspadarchy sprava, Yana taksama zaymalasya nova¸vyadzennyam_. Incorporated bank stymulyavats razv_zzyo ramyostvo ў і gandlyu, pavyal_chyts dakhodnasts garadsky gaspadark і, karaleva of a vyrashyl dats to Kobryn Magdeburgskaye of the right. At 1589 Mr. Ganna Yagelonka of an asab_st of a prybyl ў the city і a ¸rachysta of a ¸ruchyl to zhykhara pryv_ly, padp_sana of a nyada¸n abrany karalyom Zhyg_montam III Vazay (1587–1632). 10 snezhnya 1589 Mr. Kobryn of an atrym ў coat of arms: at syarebrany pol_ a vyyava dzvyukh zhanochy Pastaza, on hands at one dz_tsya. Tak_m to chyna, Kobryn of hundred ў to the cities z samak_ravanny. Pavodle pryv_leya, kobrynsk_ya zhykhara (doma¸lasn_k і) z a getaga to hour magl_ Metz adm_n_stratsyyna ulasna body of an ulada — mag_strat. At Iago yany vyb_ral_ radets ў, z to a l_k yak_kh vyb_ral_sya burgam_stra. Adnak over us_m pack ў Voight, yak_ vyb_ra¸sya tolk_ sa a shlyakhetskaga asyaroddzya і a valoda ў pa¸namotstvam_ zatsvyardzhats chosen the member ў a mag_strata. Yong zha a starshynstvava ў at myastsovy garadsk_m to a sudza, a dza a hole as_sts_raval_ la¸n_k_ (zasyadatset і).

Garadzhanam dazvalyalasya it is free zaymatsets a ramyastvo і gandly, trymats shanks of Abo to a karchm (to a ne¸zabava kolkasts p_tseyny the lady ў a rezka grew up — yes 40 adz_nak; the geta became sapra¸dny bedstvo). Zhykhara Kobryn atrymal_ the rights of karystatsets agulnadzyarzha¸nym_ meram_ і to levers і, naladzhvats shtotydzen a pas panyadzelka gandal on the market, and dvoycha for a year — vosennyu і z_my — pravodz_ts k_rmasha. Dadzena byl_ і nekatoryya privileges on the vykarystayena chastk_ agulnagaradsk_kh the income ў for gramadsk_kh patreb, on carving to the wood і lo¸lyu fishes.

Akramya the coat of arms Kobryn was granted a taksama a pyachatka. On terytory_ N_zhnyaga the lock there was a pabudavana a town hall. Uvyadzenne Magdeburgskaga of the right of a prykmetn of an azhyv_l to a gaspadarchaa zhyzzyo Ramesn_k_ і merchants ab'yadnal_sya ў tsekh_. Pavyal_chy¸sya tavaraabmen pam_zh Kobrynam і navakolnym_ weighty і, chastsy stal_ z'ya¸lyatsets gandlyovyya sudna on Mukha¸tsa. Uzho Tats of a ¸zn_kl _deya zluchyts Iago to channels z P_nay ts_ Prypyazzyu, incorporated bank stvaryts vodna zruchna a way, adnak yae real_zatsyya was started tolk_ praz a pa¸tara stagoddzya.

Pa¸syadzyonnaye zhyzzyo Kobryn's syarednevyakovaga was not rich on vazhnyya to a padza і, kal_ not l_chyts redk_kh a v_z_ta ў karalyo ў і Caral ў. A big chastka svaygo to hour to the garadzhena zaymal_sya gaspadarchym_ to sprava і, at are free hour of a muzhchyna nak_ro¸val_sya ў shynk_ і taverns, and ў rel_g_ynyya are sacred і ў nyadzelyu bolynasts a naseln_tstva of a navedval tsarko¸ny service. Syarod getay Masa lyudzy was і, a bezumo¸na, і tak_ya that sprabaval_ dumats a pas - і to a nsham, _mknul_sya the neshta zmyan_ts, Alya Pra _kh dakhodzyats tolk_ glukh_ya і is frequent skazhonyya vodgalasa. At different assembly documents, yak_ya zmeshchana ў metryets of VKL, at kn_ga ship a spra ў bolsh for ¸syo the fact ў a pra zyamelnyya tsyazhba, asab_styya images, a pra of a svyatatatstv і vyadzmarstvo. Yes v_navaty uzhyval_sya roznyya pakarann і, yak_ya vyznachal_sya ў big stupen_ not to af_tsyyny zakanada¸stvo, and myastsovym_ zvychayam_. Syarod _kh naybolsh papulyarnay there was a publ_chny luptso¸ka pastronkam_ (a belt ts_ a vyaro¸ka — a chastka of a horse vuprazha) і to birches і, the vystoyvayena ў "Caen і" (iron to an ashyyn_k, a prykavany lantsug yes of a stsyana of a town hall) і a yak to a zaklyuchnaa to the pakarayena — "a vylezhivaniye kryzhy" at an hour abedn_ ў one Abo va ¸s_kh city tserkva. Asabl_va tsyazhk_ya zlachynstva karal_sya vygnanny z cities (ban_tsyya) ts_ smertsyu.

Paslya smerts_ Hannah Yagelonk_ (1596) uladaln_tsay Kobryna became Zhyg_mont III Kanstantsyya's zhonka, a wheelbarrow of an a¸stryyskag of the archduke. Yana valodat to the cities і ekanom_yay z 1605 yes 1635 Mr. Gety hour of haraktaryzuyetsets narastanny katal_tskay ekspans іі, uvasablenny yaky byl_ ezu_ta.

Kobryn i to a navakolla on karets of Vyalikaga of knyastvo Lito¸skaga of 1613.

At 1654, at an hour of a vayna of Races іі z Rechchu Paspal_tay 1654-1667, rusk_ya voysk_ ¸stup_l_ on terytoryyu Belarus_. At a l_stapadza of 1655 a stalemate Brestam apynu¸sya S. Urus's vayavoda ў, yak_ razb і ў here the hetman Pa¸l Sapegu. Drug_ time vayennyya dzeyann_ adbyval_sya ў getay pa¸dnyova-zakhodnyay chastets belarusk_kh zyamel at 1660, kal_ rusk_ a vayavoda of Havansk_ zanya ў Brest. To Alya padze_ a hutka pavyarnul_ ў to a _nshaa of a rechyshch z-for ¸myashannya the Swede ў, yak_ya _mknul_sya pazhyv_tsets for a money vayuyuchy Bako ў. Kobryn ў akup_ravana shvedam_. And ў 1662 of a syuda ¸vayshlo troops of VKL stalemate kamandavanny marshal Zharomskaga. Not dachaka¸shysya hell of Caral payments for service, shlyakht ("rakashena") that ¸vakhodz_la ў Iago, k_nulasya rabavats karale¸sk_ya mayontk_. Geta of a spustoshyl city bolsh, chy papyarzdn_ v_z_t Swede ў.

Prykladna vyglyad Kobrynskay of a town hall (to the pavodla Z. Gloger's malyunka)

Novyya troubles chakal_ zhykharo ў Kobrynshchyna ў to an ear of the XVIII Art. at suvyaz_ z Pa¸nochnay war of 1700-1721, at yaky Rech Paspal_taya і Ras_ya to times vystup_l_ suprats Shvetsy_. Vayennyya padze_ zno ў akhap_l_ Belarus. At 1706 Karl XII z asno¸nym_ voyskam_ ¸varva¸sya on yae terytoryyu. Zakhopn_k_ і _kh myastsovyya pamagatyya rabaval_ m_rnyya garada, nakladval_ kantrybutsy_. Tak_ wood napatka ў і Kobryn. Maradzyoram not ¸dalosya asabl_va of pazhyv_tsets ў zbyadnely garadzhan. Tada yany sagnal_ on the market usyo to a neshmatl_kaa of a naseln_tstv. Here already stayal_ shyben_ets, _shla of a padrykhto¸k yes pakarannya smertsyu. Syarod of a zalozhn_k ў byl_ і burgam_stra Torahs. Lyudz_ addal_ to a ¸sa zberazhenn і, yak_ya zastal_sya ў _kh, ratuyucha zhyzz_ fellow countryman ў.

Pakaranne "ў blocks". Z syarednevyakovay engravings.

Paslya 1709, kal_ Karl XII to a patsyarpa ў to the parazheena Pyatr I's hell a stalemate of Paltavay, Swedes byl_ are expelled z by Belarus_. Papyaredn_ya wars pryvyal_ yes razarennya і to a zanyapad vytvorchasts_. Agulny s_tuatsyya, yaky sklalasya ў getyya dzesyats_goddz_ ў to the krayena, a nepasrzdna adb_valasya і on sprava at Kobryne. Gorad tolk_ a faktychna of a zakho¸v ў Magdeburgskaye is right, amal not znakhodz_lasya a kandydata ў for the choice ў at mag_strat. 3-for shlyakhta svavolstvo і a rezkaga skarachennya spazhy¸tso ў a ramyastvo і gandal zanyapal_. Ledz funktsyyanaval_ 2 tsekh_ — kravetsk_ і kushnersk_.

Abvastryl_sya supyarechnasts_ і pam_zh myastsovym_ feadalam_. Shlyakhta da¸no ¸zho encroached on magnatsk_ya і karale¸sk_ya ¸ladann_. It was not found to a ¸bak і a tsarkva. At l_pen_ 1710 brestsk_ the head Jan Fryderyk Sapega of a p_s ў to a _gumen of an un_yatskag of Spaskaga of a manastyr to Pakhom_yu Alyde¸skam, Iago's paprakayucha ў hts_vasts_: "... mayomasts nespravyadl_va prysvoyvayesh, ladies zab_rayesh, paddany prymushayesh, bees of a vykura ў".

Mustache getyya troubles, yak_ya padryval_ praduktsyyny pratsa garadzhan і pazba¸lyal_ _kh income ў, uzmatsnyal_sya shyrok_m raspa¸syudzhvanny p'yanstvo. Demaral_zatsyya the myastsovaga of a gramadstvo became nastolk_ v_davochnay that ў ty zha 1710 of an ulada of a vymushana byl_ prynyats a spetsyyalny pastanova, the yaky abmyazho¸vala dzeynasts shynko ў і prasledavat p'yan_ts. To Alya samyya zhudasnyya vyn_k_ mel_ ep_dem іі. Maravy poshasts that was ferocious ў 1711, Kobryna took away bolyp for a palova zhykharo ў. At the 1760th reptiles ў to a goradza nal_chvalasya ¸syago 690 souls of a muzhchynskag to a floor.

Zykhodzyacha z tago that Kobryn a yak magdeburgsk_ the city zus_m a perasta ў prynos_ts the income, at 1766 to a pavodla rasparadzhennya Caral Stan_slava A¸gusta Panyato¸skaga (1764–1795) yon ў right pazba¸lena samak_ravannya. Kobrynskaya magdeburg_ya pra_snavat the 177th reptile ў. Adnak Kobrynskaya ekanom_ya a yak "stalova mayontak" Caral zakhavalasya, hots і swept a patreba ў-place reargan_zatsy_. Yoy zanya¸sya Anton_y Tyzenga¸z (1733-1785), padskarb_ nadvorna l_to¸sk_ (treasurer), yak_ rasparadzha¸sya karale¸sk_m_ mayontkam_ on terytory_ INCL. Adm_n_stratsyya the house-keeper іі z the lock, yak_ znakhodz і ў sya ў zus_m neprygodny a camp, a perayshla ў to a syadz_b, pabudavany heating pa¸dnyovay uskra_na of the Yae of a buda¸n_tstv it was faded a stalemate to nepasredny naglyada of Tyzenga¸z. Here zha ў zakladzena vyal_k_ park at regular styl і, and Iago da Cobryna's hell pravyal_ pramy I darogu-redden, absadzhany l_pam_. Yana tsyagnulasya, peratvary¸shysya ў to vul_ets and samaga to the market. Tolk_ on yoy the lady ў melted ¸syago nekalk_ that nalezhal_ to shlyakhts_ets. For syadz_bay zamatsavalasya (prychy a nado¸ga — yes the XX Art.) a nazva "Gubernya". Hell yae vul_ets became nazyvatsets of Gubern_yalnaya (a tsyaper Yana of a taksam, a yak і park, nos_ts _mya Suvorova).

Tyzenga¸z us_m_ sposabam_ pike ў magchymasts_ pavys_ts income karale¸sk_kh mayontka ў. Yong Prydumwa ў novyya pav_nnasts_ for domestic syalyan, a budav ў manufactories. To Alya Iago pradprymalnasts davol_ a hutka of a sustrel neadolnyya perashkoda, at t.l. і feadalna kanservatyzm. At vyoska war ў, ep_dem_y і shlyakhetsk_kh dissonance ў did not seize rabochy hands, adchuval_sya nastupstva. Yes tago mnog_kh zhykharo ў Kobrynshchyna of a prymusov mab_l_zo¸val_ on Kapan of the channel, yak_ pav_nen ў zluchyts Mukhavets z P_nay.

At the syaredzena of the XVIII Art. on a sheraga the card ў Rechy Paspal_tay z'yav_lasya pramy l_n_ya the channel, the project of a yakog of a prapanav ў karale¸sk_ the cartographer F.Chak_. Merkavalasya that a geta to a zruchna budza a way for a zbyta of a zbozhzh, the wood і _nshy goods ў z Palessya ў baltyysk_ya ports. Pra gety F.Chak_ sprayektava ў Iago route Mukha¸ts's yes hell of Prypyats_ z perasyachenny P_na. Adnak, kal_ ў 1775 pachal_sya works, vyyav_yaasya _stotny rozn_tsa pam_zh to kartagraf_chny projects і realnastsyu. Motsna zabalochany myastsovasts a prymus_la buda¸n_ko ў admov_tsets hell wash out l_n іі і a faktychn pa¸taryts a route of a starazhytnag I drag that pachyna¸sya z a nevyal_kaga of a prytok of Mukha¸ts Valok_. Hell prybyarezhny vyosak Mukha¸lok_ і Varatyn_chy — a geta of a prykladn of 20 km on pa¸nochna ¸skhod Kobryn's hell — a sconce ў pachatak the channel.

Paslya amal dzevyats_ a reptile ў tsyazhkay padnyavolnay prayets thousands prygonny syalyan worked well da P_na's dabratsets. Nazva, yaky hatsel_ dats to the channel — _mya Respubl_k і, ts_ Rechy Paspal_tay — not pryzhylasya, a navakolnaa of a naseln_tstv became zvats Iago Mukhavetsk_m.

Adkryzzyo getaga navaga of a vodnag to a way rykhtavalasya ¸rachysta ў prysutnasts_ Caral. Pas to a prykladza Katsyaryna's _mperatryets, a yaky zrab_la vyasny 1780 of a padarozhzh ў "the lands which are again acquired", voyage z to a razrad ty that karystal_sya papulyarnastsyu syarod adukavany the monarch ў, Stan_sla ў A¸gust by Panyato¸sk_ of a slander ў at residents of Kan zhn і ў nya 1784 the Belavezhsky pushcha. Praz Sharashova, Shcharchova і Kobryn yon dabra¸sya da Garadza, yak_ a pas vol_ to the wood apynu¸sya on a beraza of a svezhavykapanag of the channel. At Garadtsa Caral of a chakal zagadzya to a vessel dasta¸lenaa, an uprygozhanaa to baldakh_na і to stsyaga. The V_dov_shcha prytsyagnut mnostvo to the people, to an uperadza the myastsovy shlyakhta flaunted. To Grymn ў strel garmata, і Stan_sla ў A¸gust mortars і ў on the deck. Praply¸sha heating 2 km, yon vysadz і ў sya heating a syal the Stone Shlyakhetsk і, adkul nak_rava¸sya ў zvarotna a way. Channel, tak_m to chyna, hundred ў "nayvysacheysha of an aprabavana". Magchyma, Tam Iago Poty stal_ nazyvats Karale¸sk_m. And pershy ¸daly nav_gatsyyu a pas new water to a way yes of a samag of Gdansk zrab і ў at hutk_m hour p_nsk_ shlyakhts_ts-negatsyyant Matsvey Butrymov_ch. V_dats, at an ekanam_chnaa to the znacheena Karale¸skaga of the channel paveryl і, pakolk_ ў 1786 at Iago's arrogance vyb_l_ a medal.

3 verasnya 1784 paslya adkryzzya Stan_sl's channel ў A¸gust Panyato¸sk_ zno ў apynu¸sya to drives at Kobryne, Iago Sustrakal's dza deputatsyya zhykharo ў. At g_story_ the cities of a get ў aposhn_ v_z_t karanavanay persons. Padysho ў yes resident of Kan і karale¸sk_ hour of Kobryn.

At a vyn_ka trokh a padzela ў Rechy Paspal_tay pam_zh Ras_yay, A¸stryyay і the federaty¸ny dzyarzhava of Rech Paspal_taya perastat Prus_yay _snavats. At 1795 Mr. Kobrynshchyna there was da Ras_iscai's daluchana _mpery_ paslya to a 3-hectare padzel of Rechy Paspal_tay.

L.R.Kazlo ў



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