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Fauna

Grass carp (ctenopharyngodon idella)

Treats fishes of family of Karpov (Cyprinidae). Under natural conditions lives in fresh waters of East Asia, from the basin of Amur to the South of China, to Guangzhou (Canton). In China widely gets divorced in ponds. For acclimatization and fish farming it is delivered to many countries of the world.

Fishery development of a grass carp in the European part of the USSR is for the first time begun in the 30th years. In Belarus works on introduction of a grass carp to polyculture of pond fish breeding are begun since 1963, and since 1970 landings began thresh to some lakes of the republic for commodity cultivation.



The grass carp easily adapts to life in the conditions of pond farms and internal lakes where he is also active all summer. Well transfers wintering in zimovalny ponds and on holes in lakes. In the basin of Amur the bulk of females becomes polovozrely in a vozrasyota of 8-9 years, at achievement of length of a body of 70 cm and more. Only single individuals ripen in 6-7 years with a length about 60-65 cm. In the conditions of Belarus reproduction of a grass carp is possible only in the factory way, with use of thermal waters of thermal power plants.

Possesses high growth rate. Under natural conditions reaches length of 120 cm and the weight of 32 kg. In pond farms by the end pervoyogo years of cultivation in polyculture with a carp reach the average mass of 25-30 g, two-year-old-450-600 g, the three-year-old - till 1440, i.e. the mass of a carp at application of methods of an intensification of a karpovodstvo.

Eats the highest water vegetation for what he is called "a grass carp". Very valuable food fish. High ecological plasticity, rapid growth, excellent tastes, in a combination to ability to eat the highest water vegetation do a grass carp by very perspective object for cultivation in pond ecosystems of Republic of Belarus.

It is used as the biological reclamation expert of reservoirs and irrigation canals of all systems to whom usually there is a strong development of the rigid water vegetation complicating their operation. In Belarus scientists of Institute of fishery with sufficient completeness developed biotechnics of cultivation of a grass carp in pond farms and lakes, technology of receiving posterity with use of the warmed-up waters of thermal power plants, cultivation of a fish stock and commodity fish.


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